{"id":2308,"date":"2013-04-25T18:56:52","date_gmt":"2013-04-25T18:56:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uit-ci.org\/index.php\/2013\/04\/25\/elecciones-en-venezuela-empezo-el-declive-del-chavismo-2\/"},"modified":"2013-04-25T18:56:52","modified_gmt":"2013-04-25T18:56:52","slug":"elecciones-en-venezuela-empezo-el-declive-del-chavismo-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uit-ci.org\/index.php\/2013\/04\/25\/elecciones-en-venezuela-empezo-el-declive-del-chavismo-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Elecciones en Venezuela. Empez\u00f3 el declive del chavismo"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"M\u00e1sPor Miguel Sorans*<\/a> (English Version<\/a>)<\/em><\/p>\n

Los resultados de las elecciones del 14 de abril impactaron, porque pusieron en evidencia que el chavismo entr\u00f3 en su decadencia. Su candidato Nicol\u00e1s Maduro estuvo al borde de la derrota, cuando ya se daba por f\u00e1cil ganador. Lamentablemente, se fortalece Capriles y la MUD. Maduro asume muy debilitado. \u00bfHacia d\u00f3nde va el chavismo sin Ch\u00e1vez?<\/p>\n

En las elecciones celebradas el pasado 14 abril, Nicol\u00e1s Maduro (PSUV) obtuvo 7.575.506 votos contra 7.302.641 de Henrique Capriles Radonski (Mesa de Unidad Democr\u00e1tica-MUD), ganando la presidencia por una diferencia de tan solo 272.865 sufragios.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Este escaso margen anunciado por el CNE, la autoridad electoral, estrechamente ligada al gobierno, dio lugar a una crisis pol\u00edtica. Miles y miles, no solo la c\u00fapula de la MUD, salieron a reclamar por un reconteo de votos. Hubo varios muertos. La crisis pol\u00edtica solo se ha amortiguado debido al retroceso del gobierno y del CNE, que anunciaron una auditoria del 100% de las mesas, por la presi\u00f3n popular, hasta de sectores del chavismo, como de la OEA, que r\u00e1pidamente reconoci\u00f3 a Maduro, y de los gobiernos del UNASUR, entre ellos Brasil y Ecuador, para evitar una desestabilizaci\u00f3n pol\u00edtica. De producirse, esta situaci\u00f3n no conviene a los intereses de las multinacionales del petr\u00f3leo, que est\u00e1n asociadas al chavismo en PDVSA.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1s de 700 mil votantes populares rompen con el chavismo<\/strong><\/p>\n

El trasfondo de la crisis pol\u00edtica est\u00e1 en que m\u00e1s de 700 mil personas que en octubre hab\u00edan votado por Ch\u00e1vez abandonaron al chavismo y dieron su voto al candidato opositor. Se trata de votantes trabajadores y de sectores populares. Como lo dice la declaraci\u00f3n del Partido Socialismo y Libertad (PSL), que encabeza Orlando Chirino, el descalabro electoral del chavismo \u00abes consecuencia directa de la devaluaci\u00f3n instrumentada por este gobierno el pasado mes de marzo, que de un plumazo redujo el salario real de los trabajadores en un 46%. Es expresi\u00f3n del cansancio de la poblaci\u00f3n ante los continuos apagones, ante los bajos salarios, ante el deterioro de los servicios p\u00fablicos y programas sociales, incluidas las Misiones, el empleo precario, la no discusi\u00f3n de los contratos colectivos, la criminalizaci\u00f3n de la protesta. Mientras, bajo un gobierno supuestamente \u00absocialista\u00bb, siguen creciendo las ganancias de los empresarios y banqueros. Estas son las verdaderas causas de la crisis pol\u00edtica\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Este proceso de ruptura de una franja de trabajadores y sectores populares en sus expectativas con el chavismo se ven\u00eda dando ya en vida de Hugo Ch\u00e1vez. Se expres\u00f3, por ejemplo, en el alto \u00edndice de huelgas y protestas populares en 2012. Esta ruptura la pudo contener Ch\u00e1vez en las elecciones de octubre pasado, con su carisma, haciendo una campa\u00f1a autocr\u00edtica, prometiendo el \u00aboro y el moro\u00bb y que iba a \u00abcumplir\u00bb los postergados compromisos. Entonces, esa franja, volvi\u00f3 a votar por el chavismo, con muchas dudas, d\u00e1ndole una nueva oportunidad. Ch\u00e1vez logr\u00f3 convencer que \u00abpeor\u00bb iba a ser la derecha gobernando con un \u00abpaquetazo\u00bb de ajuste.<\/p>\n

Pero fue el mismo chavismo, antes de fallecer Ch\u00e1vez, quien lanz\u00f3 un tremendo \u00abpaquetazo\u00bb, con dos devaluaciones que hundieron el salario y el nivel de vida de millones de venezolanos. Entonces, este 14 de abril miles de votantes chavistas, ya sin Ch\u00e1vez y con un Maduro aplicando un ajustazo y hablando con \u00abpajaritos\u00bb, cambiaron su voto.<\/p>\n

Es un hecho que la MUD y Capriles salen pol\u00edticamente fortalecidos de las elecciones de abril. El fracaso del proyecto chavista, lamentablemente, ha llevado a que miles de trabajadores y sectores populares le den el voto a la coalici\u00f3n opositora burguesa proyanqui. No se trata de un \u00abgiro a la derecha\u00bb en la conciencia, sino un voto castigo al chavismo. No es un fen\u00f3meno nuevo, sino que pega un salto. En octubre pasado, la derecha hab\u00eda logrado un aumento de m\u00e1s de 2 millones de votos, aunque quedara a 11 puntos de Ch\u00e1vez. Ya entonces la extrema polarizaci\u00f3n electoral hizo que solo una peque\u00f1a franja de luchadores diera el voto por la candidatura clasista y socialista revolucionaria de Orlando Chirino.<\/p>\n

Por una alternativa pol\u00edtica verdaderamente socialista<\/strong><\/p>\n

La debacle electoral de Maduro muestra que el chavismo ha entrado en su etapa de decadencia. No se trata solo de una \u00abmala campa\u00f1a\u00bb de Maduro, sino que muestra el fracaso del falso proyecto del \u00abSocialismo del Siglo XXI\u00bb que, durante 14 a\u00f1os, ejecut\u00f3 el mismo Ch\u00e1vez. El paquetazo actual es la demostraci\u00f3n de que en Venezuela no hubo nunca un \u00abgobierno obrerista\u00bb ni \u00absocialista\u00bb. Ch\u00e1vez nunca rompi\u00f3 con las multinacionales y los empresarios. Se volvi\u00f3 a demostrar que no habr\u00e1 soluci\u00f3n a los problemas de los trabajadores y el pueblo gobernando con empresas mixtas del petr\u00f3leo, con las multinacionales o enriqueciendo a una nueva \u00abboliburgues\u00eda\u00bb.<\/p>\n

En Venezuela sigue \u00abvivito y coleando\u00bb el capitalismo. Por eso terminaron aplicando un ajuste t\u00edpico de los gobiernos capitalistas, donde todos buscan que las crisis la paguen los trabajadores.<\/p>\n

La perspectiva, en medio de la aplicaci\u00f3n de un nuevo ajuste y de las luchas obreras y populares, es hacia una mayor crisis del chavismo. El gobierno de Maduro asumi\u00f3 muy debilitado pol\u00edticamente, en medio de una crisis econ\u00f3mica y aplicando un ajuste. Sin la presencia de Ch\u00e1vez, le ser\u00e1 m\u00e1s dif\u00edcil frenar las protestas populares y la ruptura de sectores populares con el PSUV. No podemos descartar medidas represivas. Va hay una campa\u00f1a para intentar despedir a los trabajadores estatales que no hayan votado a Maduro.<\/p>\n

Como lo viene se\u00f1alando el PSL, la salida para los trabajadores no ser\u00e1 ni Capriles ni la MUD, sino seguir moviliz\u00e1ndose por sus reivindicaciones y construyendo una alternativa pol\u00edtica verdaderamente socialista y revolucionaria, de trabajadores, sin empresarios, militares o bur\u00f3cratas sindicales. Este es el gran desaf\u00edo planteado en Venezuela.<\/p>\n

<\/a>*Izquierda Socialista (UIT-CI) de Argentina<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>Elections in Venezuela: The decline of Chavism began<\/strong><\/p>\n

By Miguel Sorans, Izquierda Socialista (UIT-CI), Argentina<\/em><\/p>\n

The results of the April 14 elections had an impact, because they put in evidence that Chavism entered into its decline. Its candidate Nicolas Maduro was on the verge of defeat, when it had been taken for an easy winner. Unfortunately, this strengthens Capriles and the MUD. Maduro assumes very weak. Whither Chavism without Chavez?<\/p>\n

In the elections held last April 14, Nicolas Maduro (PSUV) won 7,575,506 votes against 7,302,641 for Henrique Capriles (Bureau of Democratic Unity, MUD), winning the presidency by a margin of only 272,865 votes. This narrow margin announced by the CNE, the electoral authority, closely linked to the government, led to a political crisis. Thousands and thousands, not only the top leadership of the MUD, came to demand a recount of votes. There were several dead. The political crisis has dampened only due to the reversal of the government and the CNE, which announced an audit of 100% of the voting stations, due to popular pressure, even sectors of Chavism, such as the OAS, which quickly recognized Maduro, and the governments of the UNASUR, including Brazil and Ecuador, to prevent political destabilization. If it occurred, this situation would not suit the interests of oil multinationals which are associated to Chavism in PDVSA.<\/p>\n

More than 700,000 popular voters break with Chavism<\/strong><\/p>\n

The background of the political crisis is that more than 700,000 people who had voted in October for Chavez abandoned Chavism and gave their vote to the opposition candidate. These are working class and grassroots voters. As the statement of the Socialism and Liberty Party (PSL), led by Orlando Chirino, says: the electoral debacle of Chavism is \u00aba direct result of the devaluation of 46.5% implemented by this government last March that at a pen stroke reduced the real wages of workers. It is an expression of the weariness of the population to rolling blackouts, to low wages, to the deterioration of public services and social programs, including Missions, precarious employment, non-discussion of collective agreements, the criminalization of protest. These are the real causes of the political crisis\u00bb.<\/p>\n

This process of rupture of a band of workers and popular sectors in their expectations with Chavism had already been going on in life of Hugo Chavez. It was expressed, for example, in the high rate of strikes and popular protests in 2012. Chavez could contain this rupture in in the past October elections with his charisma, self-critical campaigning, promising the \u00abthick and thin\u00bb and that he would \u00abmeet\u00bb the deferred commitments. So this band voted again for Chavez, with many doubts, giving him a new opportunity. Chavez managed to convince that it would be \u00abworse\u00bb the right ruling with a \u00abshock\u00bb adjustment.<\/p>\n

But it was the same Chavism, before Chavez dying, who threw a huge \u00abpaquetazo\u00bb(shock adjustment, TN) with two devaluations that sank the wages and living standards of millions of Venezuelans. Then this April 14 thousands of Chavist voters, already without Chavez and with Maduro applying a big adjustment and talking with \u00abthe birds\u00bb, changed their vote.<\/p>\n

It is a fact that the MUD and Capriles come out of the April elections politically strengthened. The failure of the Chavist project, unfortunately, has led thousands of workers and popular sectors to give the vote to the pro-US bourgeois opposition coalition. It is not a \u00abright turn\u00bb in consciousness, but a punishment vote to Chavism. It is not a new phenomenon, but it takes a jump up. Last October, the right had achieved an increase of more than 2 million votes, but remained 11 points adrift of Chavez. Even then the extreme electoral polarization caused that only a small band of fighters would vote for the classist and socialist revolutionary candidate Orlando Chirino.<\/p>\n

For truly socialist political alternative<\/strong><\/p>\n

The electoral debacle of Maduro shows that Chavism has entered its period of decline. It is not just a \u00abbad campaign\u00bb for Maduro, but it shows the failure of the false project of \u00absocialism for the XXI century\u00bb that, for 14 years, ran the same Chavez. The current \u00abpaquetazo\u00bb \u00ab(shock adjustment, TN) is the demonstration that in Venezuela there was never a \u00abpro-workers\u00bb or \u00absocialist\u00bb government. Chavez never broke with the multinationals and the bosses. Once again it proved that there is no solution to the problems of the workers and the people ruling with oil joint ventures, with the multinationals or enriching a new \u00abBolivarian\u00bb bourgeoisie.<\/p>\n

In Venezuela capitalism is still \u00abalive and kicking\u00bb. So they ended up applying an adjustment typical of capitalist governments, where they all seek for the crisis to be paid by the workers.<\/p>\n

The perspective in the midst of implementing a new adjustment and of working class and popular struggles is towards a greater crisis of Chavism. The Maduro government assumed very weakened politically, in the midst of an economic crisis and applying an adjustment. Without the presence of Chavez, it will be more difficult to curb popular protests and the rupture of grassroots sectors with the PSUV. We cannot rule out repressive measures. There will be a campaign going to try to lay off state workers who did not vote for Maduro.<\/p>\n

As the PSL has been pointing out, the solution for the workers will be neither Capriles nor the MUD, but to continue to mobilize for their demands and building a political alternative truly socialist and revolutionary, of workers, without bosses, military or union bureaucrats. This is the great challenge posed in Venezuela.<\/p>\n


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Por Miguel Sorans* (English Version) Los resultados de las elecciones del 14 de abril impactaron, porque pusieron en evidencia que el chavismo entr\u00f3 en su decadencia. Su candidato Nicol\u00e1s Maduro estuvo al borde de la derrota, cuando ya se daba por f\u00e1cil ganador. Lamentablemente, se fortalece Capriles y la MUD. Maduro asume muy debilitado. \u00bfHacia d\u00f3nde […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":594,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[70],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uit-ci.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2308"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uit-ci.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uit-ci.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uit-ci.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uit-ci.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2308"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/uit-ci.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2308\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uit-ci.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/594"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uit-ci.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2308"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uit-ci.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2308"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uit-ci.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2308"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}